Psilocybin-Assisted Neurocognitive Training for Sustained Reduction of Negative Attention Biases

Overview:

This study investigates the potential of combining psilocybin administration with attention bias modification training (ABMT) to quickly and persistently reduce negative attention biases in highly anxious individuals.

Abstract:

This study explores whether psychedelics, which acutely shift attention away from negatively-valenced stimuli and promote neuroplasticity, can enhance attention bias modification training (ABMT). By leveraging the heightened neuroplasticity induced by psychedelics, we aim to reshape rigid cognitive patterns (e.g. negative attention biases) that contribute to anxiety. We hypothesize that administering psilocybin in combination with repeated ABMT in the days following administration will more rapidly and persistently reorient attention away from negative stimuli compared to ABMT or psilocybin alone. Additionally, a subset of individuals will receive additional neurofeedback-assisted attention training to assess the benefits of externalizing maladaptive attentional states and instilling agency in maintaining healthy ones.

A total of 120 highly-anxious participants will be randomly assigned to receive either psilocybin or placebo with ABMT or control-ABMT, with a subset of participants also receiving neurofeedback-assisted attention training or control training. Primary outcomes will measure how quickly and persistently participants learn to shift their attention away from negative stimuli. Further outcomes will evaluate brain mechanisms underlying these changes and the impact on psychological well-being. Overall, by combining psychedelics with targeted cognitive training and neurofeedback, this research aims to create lasting adaptive changes in behavior and open new therapeutic avenues for treating anxiety disorders.

Broader Impact:

This project investigates a promising new way to reduce anxiety by pairing psychedelic-assisted therapy with focused attention training. By harnessing psilocybin’s ability to increase brain flexibility, the study aims to help people break free from negative thinking habits more quickly and sustainably. This innovative approach could lead to more effective, personalized treatments for anxiety and other mental health challenges.